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Analysis of electromagnetic characteristics of typical faults in permanent magnet wind generators

2023-04-23

【论文推荐】丹麦奥尔堡大学陈哲等：永磁风力发电机典型故障的电磁特征分析

摘要

本研究分析了风电应用中永磁发电机故障的电磁特性。以某3680kw永磁风力机公司的数据为例，在ANSYS中建立了永磁风力机的初步仿真模型，并采用麦克斯韦电路进行协同仿真。模拟了转子偏心度、定子绕组短路和永磁退磁作用。利用MATLAB软件基于小波包分析算法对异常电磁信号波形带进行分解重构，识别出故障特征频率。进一步考察了各种故障条件下电流和感应电动势的谐波含量，结果表明，谐波含量随故障程度的加重而变化。电磁特征分析可以应用于永磁风力发电机故障的早期监测，同时确定故障类型为软件算法的故障定位提供了重要的基础，具有更好的直观性与工程实践性。

Analysis of electromagnetic characteristics of typical faults in permanent magnet wind generators

永磁风力发电机典型故障的电磁特征分析

Guangwei Liu¹, Wenbin Yu¹, Xiaodong Wang¹, Yun Teng¹, Zhe Chen²

(1.School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, P. R. of China

2.Department of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg 639220, Denmark)

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Analysis of electromagnetic characteristics of typical faults in permanent magnet wind

Abstract

Due to the harsh actual operating environment of the permanent magnet wind turbine, it is easy to break down and difficult to monitor. Therefore, the electromagnetic characteristics identification of major fault types of large-scale permanent magnet wind turbines is studied in this paper. The typical faults of rotor eccentricity, stator winding short circuit and permanent magnet demagnetization of permanent magnet wind turbines are analyzed theoretically. The wavelet analysis algorithm is used to decompose and reconstruct the abnormal electromagnetic signal waveform band, and the characteristic frequency of the electromagnetic signal is obtained when the fault occurs. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 3.680MW permanent magnet wind turbine was taken as the research object. Its physical simulation model was established, and an external circuit was built to carry out field co-simulation. The results show that the motor fault type can be determined by detecting the change rule of fault characteristic frequency in the spectrum diagram, and the electromagnetic characteristic analysis can be applied to the early monitoring of the permanent magnet wind turbine fault.

Keywords

Rotor eccentricity, Stator winding short circuit, Permanent magnet demagnetization, Wavelet packet.

Fig.1 Wind turbine set fault ratios

Fig.2 Model of 288-slot 84-pole 1/8 fan generator

Fig.3 Structure of permanent magnet generator

Fig.4 Interturn short-circuit models

Fig.5 Contact resistance short-circuit current and a-phase current

Fig.6 Id direct axis current

Fig.7 Demagnetization curves and loops

Fig.8 Induced voltage comparison

Fig.9 Rate of demagnetization

Fig.10 Cloud maps of demagnetization rates of permanent magnet under varying overload current

Fig.11 Coefficient of waveforms

Fig.12 Static eccentricity frequency domains

Fig.13 Dynamic eccentricity frequency domains

Fig.14 Comparison of current frequency domains regarding static eccentricity and dynamic eccentricity

Fig.15 Current frequency domains for interturn short circuit

Fig.16 Voltage frequency domains of permanent magnet demagnetization voltage

Fig.17 Comparison of voltage frequency domains regarding demagnetization fault in a single pole and a pair of poles

本文引文信息

Liu GW, Yu WB, Wang XD, et al (2023) Analysis of electromagnetic characteristics of typical faults in permanent magnet wind generators. Global Energy Interconnection, 6(1): 103-115

刘光伟, 于文彬, 王晓东等 (2023) 永磁风力发电机典型故障的电磁特征分析. 全球能源互联网（英文）, 6(1): 103-115

Biographies

Guangwei Liu

Guangwei Liu received his B.Eng., M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China, in 2005, 2008 and 2015 separately. He joined the Shenyang University of Technology in 2008, where he is currently a full professor in school of electrical engineering. His major research interests and activities are in the areas of permanent magnet electrical machines and its drive.

Wenbin Yu

Wenbin Yu is currently pursuing the master’s degree in electrical engineering with Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang. His research Interests include Analysis of Electromagnetic Characteristics of Typical Faults of Permanent Magnet Wind Generator.

Xiaodong Wang

Xiaodong Wang received his B.Eng., M.Sc. degrees in computer application in 2001 and 2004, Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering in 2011, from Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China. He joined the Shenyang University of Technology in 2004, where he is currently a full professor in school of electrical engineering. His major research interests and activities are in the areas of wind turbine and its operation condition monitoring.

Yun Teng

Yun Teng received his doctor’s degree in electrical engineering from Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China, in 2009. He joined the Shenyang University of Technology in 2010, where he is currently a professor in electrical engineering. He is a standing director as the IEEE PES DC Distribution Network Technical Subcommittee. His research interests include multi-energy system dispatching automation and smart grid control theory.

Zhe Chen

Zhe Chen received his B.Eng. and M.Sc. degrees from Northeast China Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Jilin City, China, and his Ph.D. degree from the University of Durham, Durham, U.K. He is a full professor with the Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark, where he is the leader of the Wind Power System Research program in the Department of Energy Technology. He is also the Danish Principle Investigator for Wind Energy of the Sino- Danish Centre for Education and Research. His research areas are power systems, power electronics and electric machines; and his main current research interests are wind energy and modern power systems.

编辑：刘通明

审核：王伟

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