【论文推荐】中国科学院裴玮等：智能电网中P2P能源交易的激励相容和预算平衡的AGV机制

摘要

对等能源交易（P2P）是指一种去中心化交易，其中来自分布式能源的能源在对等方之间直接交易。对等能源交易的一个关键挑战是设计一个安全、高效、透明的交易模式和运行机制。在这项研究中，我们考虑了基于区块链技术的P2P交易环境，在该环境中，生产者可以在不知道其他人的报告的情况下提交报价。我们提出了一种基于Arrow-d'Aspremont-Gerard-Varet（AGV）的机制，以鼓励产消者提交他们的真实储备价格并确定P2P交易价格。我们证明了AGV机制可以实现贝叶斯激励兼容性和预算平衡。核密度估计（KDE）用于从智能体的历史报价信息中导出先验分布。进行了案例研究，以分析和评估所提出的机制。仿真结果验证了所提出的机制在引导智能体报告真实保留价格同时实现社会福利最大化方面的有效性。此外，我们通过比较Vickery Clarke Groves（VCG）和AGV机制，讨论了分布式交易的预算平衡优势。

Incentive-compatible and budget balanced AGV mechanism for peer-to-peer energy trading in smart grids

智能电网中P2P能源交易的激励相容和预算平衡的AGV机制

Yujia Chen^1，2, Wei Pei^1，2, Hao Xiao², Tengfei Ma²

(1.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China

2.Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China)

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Incentive-compatible and budget balanced AGV mechanism for peer-to-peer energy trading in smart grids

Abstract

Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading refers to a type of decentralized transaction, where the energy from distributed energy resources is directly traded between peers. A key challenge in peer-to-peer energy trading is designing a safe, efficient, and transparent trading model and operating mechanism. In this study, we consider a P2P trading environment based on blockchain technology, where prosumers can submit bids or offers without knowing the reports of others. We propose an Arrow-d’Aspremont-Gerard-Varet (AGV)-based mechanism to encourage prosumers to submit their real reserve price and determine the P2P transaction price. We demonstrate that the AGV mechanism can achieve Bayesian incentive compatibility and budget balance. Kernel density estimation (KDE) is used to derive the prior distribution from the historical bid/offer information of the agents. Case studies are carried out to analyze and evaluate the proposed mechanism. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in guiding agents to report the true reserve price while maximizing social welfare. Moreover, we discuss the advantages of budget balance for decentralized trading by comparing the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) and AGV mechanisms.

Keywords

P2P energy trading, AGV mechanism, Budget balance, Incentive compatibility.

Fig.1 Distributed energy transaction based on blockchain technology

Fig.2 Flowchart of distributed multilateral transaction based on Ethereum

Fig.3 Frequency histogram and distribution obtained by KDE

Fig.4 Transfer payments in each transaction period under the AGV mechanism

Fig.5 Expected payoff under different bids/offers

Fig.6 Expenditure and revenue of P2G and P2P trading

Fig.7 Transfer payments in each transaction period under the VCG mechanism

本文引文信息

Chen YJ, Pei W, Xiao H, et al (2023) Incentive-compatible and budget balanced AGV mechanism for peer-to-peer energy trading in smart grids. Global Energy Interconnection, 6(1): 26-38

陈雨佳, 裴玮, 肖浩等 (2023) 智能电网中P2P能源交易的激励相容和预算平衡的AGV机制. 全球能源互联网（英文）, 6(1): 26-38

Biographies

Yujia Chen

Yujia Chen received bachelor’s degree at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 2018. She is working towards Ph.D. degree at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. Her research interests include the power market and mechanism designing.

Wei Pei

Wei Pei is working in Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. His research interests include distributed energy and microgrids, and AC/DC hybrid distribution networks.

Hao Xiao

Hao Xiao received the B.S. degree from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, in 2009, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, in 2015. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include optimal operation and planning of power systems and application of artificial intelligence in power systems.

Tengfei Ma

Tengfei Ma received the Ph.D. degree from Beijing Jiaotong University in 2019. He was a post-doctor of the institute of electrical engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, from 2019 to 2021. He was a joint training doctor at the university of Texas at Arlington, USA from 2017 to 2018. Now, he is a research assistant of the institute of electrical engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has published more than 10 journal papers and hosted or joined more than 5 National Natural Science Foundation projects. His research interests include the modeling, operation and planning of integrated energy system, the engineering game theory in power system.

编辑：刘通明

审核：王伟

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