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Flexibility improvement evaluation of hydrogen storage based on electricity–hydrogen coupled energy model

2021-11-22

【论文推荐】全球能源互联网发展合作组织金晨等：基于电-氢耦合能源模型的氢储能灵活性价值评估

文章导读

氢能预计在实现碳中和目标中起到关键作用，一是因为使用电制氢 (P2H) 可以避免传统化石燃料制氢法造成的碳排放，二是氢可长时间大规模存储，电制氢既可以作为工业原料，又可以根据需求反馈回电力系统。本研究中，我们专注于研究氢能，尤其是氢储能在提高能源系统灵活性方面的价值。本文提出了一种电-氢耦合能源模型，可以实现以最低能源成本为目标的每小时级运行模拟和容量规划优化。基于此模型，我们以中国西北地区为研究对象，根据不同氢能需求占比构造了系列算例，来分析储氢对提升系统灵活性的价值，量化计算结果证明灵活的储氢在长时间尺度能源供需平衡方面可有效提升系统灵活性，降低发电机组和电储能的投资需求，能源总成本下降，尤其是氢需求占比上升时，储氢效益更为明显，然而，储氢若发挥电力系统长期储能作用，氢相关技术成本还需降低约20%。本研究为推进可再生能源资源丰富地区的储氢发展规划提供了建议和参考。

Flexibility improvement evaluation of hydrogen storage based on electricity–hydrogen coupled energy model

基于电-氢耦合能源模型的氢储能灵活性价值评估

Chen Jin ¹, Jinyu Xiao ¹, Jinming Hou ¹, Xiaoqing Wu ², Jinxuan Zhang ¹, Ershun Du³

(1.Global Energy Interconnection Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100031, P.R. China 2.Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education, Jinan 250061, P.R. China 3.Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China)

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Abstract

To achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, decarbonization in the energy sector is crucial. Hydrogen is expected to be vital for achieving the aim of carbon neutrality for two reasons: use of power-to-hydrogen (P2H) can avoid carbon emissions from hydrogen production, which is traditionally performed using fossil fuels; Hydrogen from P2H can be stored for long durations in large scales and then delivered as industrial raw material or fed back to the power system depending on the demand. In this study, we focus on the analysis and evaluation of hydrogen value in terms of improvement in the flexibility of the energy system, particularly that derived from hydrogen storage. An electricity–hydrogen coupled energy model is proposed to realize the hourly-level operation simulation and capacity planning optimization aiming at the lowest cost of energy. Based on this model and considering Northwest China as the region of study, the potential of improvement in the flexibility of hydrogen storage is determined through optimization calculations in a series of study cases with various hydrogen demand levels. The results of the quantitative calculations prove that effective hydrogen storage can improve the system flexibility by promoting the energy demand balance over a long term, contributing toward reducing the investment cost of both generators and battery storage and thus the total energy cost. This advantage can be further improved when the hydrogen demand rises. However, a cost reduction by 20% is required for hydrogen-related technologies to initiate hydrogen storage as long-term energy storage for power systems. This study provides a suggestion and reference for the advancement and planning of hydrogen storage development in regions with rich sources of renewable energy.

Keywords

Hydrogen storage, Electricity–hydrogen coupling, Optimization model, Power-to-Hydrogen, Carbon neutrality.

Fig.1 Schematic of alkaline water electrolysis technology

Fig.2General framework of the E–H model

Fig.3Technical connection diagram

Fig.4Wind and solar weekly output characteristic

Fig.5Energy demand mix

Fig.6Monthly demand trend of hydrogen and gas

Fig.7 Hourly power balanceEnergy demand mix

Fig.8Results of sensitivity analysis

Fig.9Production costs of electricity, hydrogen, and gas

本文引文信息

Jin C, Xiao J, Hou J, Wu X, Zhang J, Du E (2021) Flexibility improvement evaluation of hydrogen storage based on electricity–hydrogen coupled energy model. Global Energy Interconnection, 4(4): 371-383

金晨，肖晋宇，侯金鸣，吴晓庆，张瑾轩，杜尔顺 (2021) 基于电-氢耦合能源模型的氢储能灵活性价值评估, 4(4): 371-383

Biographies

Chen Jin

Chen Jin received the M.Sc. degree in Photovoltaic Solar Energy from the Instituto de Energía Solar (IES), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, in 2014, and Ph.D. degree in Electronic Engineering from the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, in 2018.

Jinyu Xiao

Jinyu Xiao received his Ph.D.degree in Electrical Engineering from Tsinghua University, in 2005. He is working in GEIDCO, Beijing. His research interests include electrical system planning and new clean energy technologies.

Jinming Hou

Jinming Hou received his bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering from the North China Electric Power University in 2002 and his Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering from North China Electric Power University in 2006. His research interests include power system and automation.

Xiaoqing Wu

Xiaoqing Wu received B.S. degrees from Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China, in 2018. She is currently a graduate student with Shandong University. Her research interests include Chemical energy storage, hydrogen storage, power system planning.

Jinxuan Zhang

Jinxuan Zhang received Ph.D. degree in Chemistry from Peking University, Beijing, China, in 2019.

Ershun Du

Ershun Du received B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2013 and 2018, respectively. He is currently a Research Assistant Professor with Tsinghua University. His research interests include low- carbon energy policy, renewable energy, power system planning.

编辑：王彦博

审核：王伟

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Flexibility improvement evaluation of hydrogen storage based on electricity–hydrogen coupled energy model

【论文推荐】全球能源互联网发展合作组织 金晨等：基于电-氢耦合能源模型的氢储能灵活性价值评估

【论文推荐】全球能源互联网发展合作组织金晨等：基于电-氢耦合能源模型的氢储能灵活性价值评估